Belonging to distinct named classes rather than a continuous range. Also unqualified — the same word for a kind and for an absolute.
From category (Greek kategoria, an accusation, later a predication), from kategorein (to speak against, to assert), kata- (against) + agoreuein (to speak in the assembly, from agora); the unqualified/absolute sense grows from the assertive force of a direct accusation.
Two unrelated claims share one spelling by accident of history rather than by logic — sorting something into a named bin and refusing every exception are different acts that happen to answer to the same word, and only context tells a reader which one is meant.